ACT English Practice Test 49

A Modern Blacksmith

You will probably never find his name in a history book, but to this day, Walker Lee continues to contribute to _America heritage._Q1 Walker Lee is an old-fashioned, modern day blacksmith who still practicesQ2 the fine art of manipulating metal over a hot fire. In his words, “Blacksmithing is no dying art!” Walker Lee had beganQ3 his career in hand-forged ironwork at the age of 30. The idea of creating an object out of iron, a most intractable materialQ4
, appealed to him. He started on this new venture by collecting and reading every book he could find that described the process of blacksmithing: its history, its practical and decorative uses, and the equipment needed to establish and outfit his own smithy. During the course of his research, Lee discovered a tool necessary for the success of any blacksmith: the anvil, a heavy block of iron or steel upon which the blacksmith hammered and shaped the malleable metal.

Lee bought his first anvil from 84-year-old Hurley Alford Templeton of Philadelphia, luggingQ5 it home to Michigan in the back of a 4-H county bus. This anvil weighed 100 pounds, about the minimum size Walker Lee needed to get startedQ6 in his craft.

Lee’s first anvil cost him $100, and four months later, he paid $75 for an additional implement—a vice—from Cornell University in New York. This important tool also made itsQ7 way back to Michigan in the back of Lee’s 4-H bus.

Lee had spent the summer carting 4-H groups out from Michigan to the east coast for various county fairs and expositions. Q8

Once Lee obtained his first portable forge, he was ready to build his blacksmith shop, commonly referred to as a “smithy.” Q9 In the interest of economy, he constructed this shop out of inexpensive oak planks and tarpaper. It was a crude little shack but stood forQ10 only nine years. Lee, who by then was completely hooked on blacksmithing,replaced his first shop with a finer one made of more expensive wood; this shop also had glass windows, a definite improvement over Lee’s original “smithy.”

[1] The very first object Lee forged was a long, pointedQ11 Hudson Bay dagger. [2] Many people refer to this type of knife as a “dag.” [3] As he recalls that event he says, “From the minute I first saw the thing take shape, I was hooked ... still am. There’s an element of magic in it to me. You heat it up and pound it with a hammer and it goes where you want it to go.” [4] Years later at a family event Lee, Q12 discovered that his Italian ancestors were accomplished coppersmiths. [5] During the gathering, Lee’s great uncle Johnny was proclaimingQ13 that Lee’s propensity for blacksmithing was “in the blood” as he happily presented Lee with a new 125-pound anvil. Q14

As an outside observer watchesQ15 Walker Lee bending and shaping a hot metal rod into some recognizable form, it is difficult to discern the origin of the magic Lee spoke of; is it in the glowing, orange steel or in Walker himself?