Đề thi Trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh PART 4: READING (Miễn phí, có đáp án)

WATER: OUR MOST PRECIOUS RESOURCE : There are (1) ___ people around the world who do not have enough water for their daily needs. And as the world’s population increases, so does the demand for water. Today, nearly 20% of the world's population live in areas (2) _ there isn't sufficient fresh water. Not only that, but 25% live in developing countries that suffer from frequent water (3) __. They lack the systems necessary to carry the water from the rivers to where it would be used. If there is not enough clean water to drink, people will drink water of poor quality. This can increase the risk of (4) __ diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Water is a precious resource, but in countries with above-average rainfall, like the UK or Holland, it is often taken for granted. (5) ____, with anticipated increase in global temperatures in years to come, we should all learn to be less wasteful.(Adapted from Oxford Exam Trainer by Helen Weale)

Question 1:

WATER: OUR MOST PRECIOUS RESOURCE : There are (1) ___ people around the world who do not have enough water for their daily needs. And as the world’s population increases, so does the demand for water. Today, nearly 20% of the world's population live in areas (2) _ there isn't sufficient fresh water. Not only that, but 25% live in developing countries that suffer from frequent water (3) __. They lack the systems necessary to carry the water from the rivers to where it would be used. If there is not enough clean water to drink, people will drink water of poor quality. This can increase the risk of (4) __ diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Water is a precious resource, but in countries with above-average rainfall, like the UK or Holland, it is often taken for granted. (5) ____, with anticipated increase in global temperatures in years to come, we should all learn to be less wasteful.(Adapted from Oxford Exam Trainer by Helen Weale)

Question 2.

WATER: OUR MOST PRECIOUS RESOURCE : There are (1) ___ people around the world who do not have enough water for their daily needs. And as the world’s population increases, so does the demand for water. Today, nearly 20% of the world's population live in areas (2) _ there isn't sufficient fresh water. Not only that, but 25% live in developing countries that suffer from frequent water (3) __. They lack the systems necessary to carry the water from the rivers to where it would be used. If there is not enough clean water to drink, people will drink water of poor quality. This can increase the risk of (4) __ diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Water is a precious resource, but in countries with above-average rainfall, like the UK or Holland, it is often taken for granted. (5) ____, with anticipated increase in global temperatures in years to come, we should all learn to be less wasteful.(Adapted from Oxford Exam Trainer by Helen Weale) 

Question 3.

WATER: OUR MOST PRECIOUS RESOURCE : There are (1) ___ people around the world who do not have enough water for their daily needs. And as the world’s population increases, so does the demand for water. Today, nearly 20% of the world's population live in areas (2) _ there isn't sufficient fresh water. Not only that, but 25% live in developing countries that suffer from frequent water (3) __. They lack the systems necessary to carry the water from the rivers to where it would be used. If there is not enough clean water to drink, people will drink water of poor quality. This can increase the risk of (4) __ diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Water is a precious resource, but in countries with above-average rainfall, like the UK or Holland, it is often taken for granted. (5) ____, with anticipated increase in global temperatures in years to come, we should all learn to be less wasteful.(Adapted from Oxford Exam Trainer by Helen Weale) 

Question 4.

WATER: OUR MOST PRECIOUS RESOURCE : There are (1) ___ people around the world who do not have enough water for their daily needs. And as the world’s population increases, so does the demand for water. Today, nearly 20% of the world's population live in areas (2) _ there isn't sufficient fresh water. Not only that, but 25% live in developing countries that suffer from frequent water (3) __. They lack the systems necessary to carry the water from the rivers to where it would be used. If there is not enough clean water to drink, people will drink water of poor quality. This can increase the risk of (4) __ diseases such as cholera and dysentery. Water is a precious resource, but in countries with above-average rainfall, like the UK or Holland, it is often taken for granted. (5) ____, with anticipated increase in global temperatures in years to come, we should all learn to be less wasteful.(Adapted from Oxford Exam Trainer by Helen Weale) 

Question 5.

A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (1) _____cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (2) __ dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (3) ___ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (4) ____oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (5) ___ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too. (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman) 

Question 1:

A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (1) _____cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (2) __ dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (3) ___ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (4) ____oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (5) ___ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too. (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman) 

Question 2:

A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (1) _____cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (2) __ dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (3) ___ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (4) ____oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (5) ___ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too. (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman) 

Question 3:

A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (1) _____cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (2) __ dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (3) ___ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (4) ____oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (5) ___ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too. (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman)

Question 4:

A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (1) _____cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (2) __ dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (3) ___ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (4) ____oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (5) ___ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too. (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman) 

Question 5:

CITIES GOING GREEN : As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (1) __ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (2) __that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (3) ___ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (4) __ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (5) ___its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested. 

Question 1:

CITIES GOING GREEN : As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (1) __ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (2) __that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (3) ___ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (4) __ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (5) ___its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested. 

Question 2:

CITIES GOING GREEN : As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (1) __ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (2) __that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (3) ___ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (4) __ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (5) ___its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested. 

Question 3:

CITIES GOING GREEN : As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (1) __ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (2) __that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (3) ___ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (4) __ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (5) ___its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested. 

Question 4:

CITIES GOING GREEN : As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (1) __ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (2) __that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (3) ___ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (4) __ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (5) ___its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested. 

Question 5:

CULTURE SHOCK FOR LANGUAGE EXCHANGE STUDENTS Students going to stay with a host family in another country usually have to make a number of cultural adjustments. They may find it difficult to (1) ____friendships with the children in the family and they will certainly have to get used to a variety of new things, including food, the climate and the language. An extra difficulty may be the different expectations (2) ___the host parents have of them in comparison with their own parents. They may be (3) __for the fact that they are expected to help with the housework, or come home earlier in the evenings than they ever would at home. They may not have as (4) ___ independence as they are used to, and they may sometimes be surprised by the behaviour of the children in the family who, although usually friendly and welcoming may sometimes seem a little immature. (5) __, language exchange students generally enjoy themselves and often form lasting friendships. (Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Guy Brook-Hart and Helen Tiliouine) 

Question 1.

CULTURE SHOCK FOR LANGUAGE EXCHANGE STUDENTS Students going to stay with a host family in another country usually have to make a number of cultural adjustments. They may find it difficult to (1) ____friendships with the children in the family and they will certainly have to get used to a variety of new things, including food, the climate and the language. An extra difficulty may be the different expectations (2) ___the host parents have of them in comparison with their own parents. They may be (3) __for the fact that they are expected to help with the housework, or come home earlier in the evenings than they ever would at home. They may not have as (4) ___ independence as they are used to, and they may sometimes be surprised by the behaviour of the children in the family who, although usually friendly and welcoming may sometimes seem a little immature. (5) __, language exchange students generally enjoy themselves and often form lasting friendships. (Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Guy Brook-Hart and Helen Tiliouine) 

Question 2.

CULTURE SHOCK FOR LANGUAGE EXCHANGE STUDENTS Students going to stay with a host family in another country usually have to make a number of cultural adjustments. They may find it difficult to (1) ____friendships with the children in the family and they will certainly have to get used to a variety of new things, including food, the climate and the language. An extra difficulty may be the different expectations (2) ___the host parents have of them in comparison with their own parents. They may be (3) __for the fact that they are expected to help with the housework, or come home earlier in the evenings than they ever would at home. They may not have as (4) ___ independence as they are used to, and they may sometimes be surprised by the behaviour of the children in the family who, although usually friendly and welcoming may sometimes seem a little immature. (5) __, language exchange students generally enjoy themselves and often form lasting friendships. (Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Guy Brook-Hart and Helen Tiliouine) 

Question 3.

CULTURE SHOCK FOR LANGUAGE EXCHANGE STUDENTS Students going to stay with a host family in another country usually have to make a number of cultural adjustments. They may find it difficult to (1) ____friendships with the children in the family and they will certainly have to get used to a variety of new things, including food, the climate and the language. An extra difficulty may be the different expectations (2) ___the host parents have of them in comparison with their own parents. They may be (3) __for the fact that they are expected to help with the housework, or come home earlier in the evenings than they ever would at home. They may not have as (4) ___ independence as they are used to, and they may sometimes be surprised by the behaviour of the children in the family who, although usually friendly and welcoming may sometimes seem a little immature. (5) __, language exchange students generally enjoy themselves and often form lasting friendships. (Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Guy Brook-Hart and Helen Tiliouine) 

Question 4.

CULTURE SHOCK FOR LANGUAGE EXCHANGE STUDENTS Students going to stay with a host family in another country usually have to make a number of cultural adjustments. They may find it difficult to (1) ____friendships with the children in the family and they will certainly have to get used to a variety of new things, including food, the climate and the language. An extra difficulty may be the different expectations (2) ___the host parents have of them in comparison with their own parents. They may be (3) __for the fact that they are expected to help with the housework, or come home earlier in the evenings than they ever would at home. They may not have as (4) ___ independence as they are used to, and they may sometimes be surprised by the behaviour of the children in the family who, although usually friendly and welcoming may sometimes seem a little immature. (5) __, language exchange students generally enjoy themselves and often form lasting friendships. (Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Guy Brook-Hart and Helen Tiliouine) 

Question 5.

We need to attend to the tree loss because of the following tree benefits. Firstly, trees provide shade for homes, office buildings, parks and roadways, cooling surface temperatures. They also take in and evaporate water, (1) ____ cools the air around them. Secondly, trees absorb carbon and remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Trees also reduce energy costs by $4 billion a year, according to Nowak's study. "The shading of those trees on buildings (2) _ your air conditioning costs. Take those trees away; now your buildings are heating up, you're running your air conditioning more, and you're burning more fuel from the power plants, so the pollution and emissions go up." (3) ___, trees act as water filters, taking in dirty surface water and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus into the soil. Last but not least, (4)___ studies have found connections between exposure to nature and better mental and physical health. Some hospitals have added tree views and plantings for patients as a result of these studies. Doctors are even prescribing walks in nature for children and families due to evidence that nature exposure lowers blood (5) __ and stress hormones. And studies have associated living near green areas with lower death rates. 

Question 1.

We need to attend to the tree loss because of the following tree benefits. Firstly, trees provide shade for homes, office buildings, parks and roadways, cooling surface temperatures. They also take in and evaporate water, (1) ____ cools the air around them. Secondly, trees absorb carbon and remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Trees also reduce energy costs by $4 billion a year, according to Nowak's study. "The shading of those trees on buildings (2) _ your air conditioning costs. Take those trees away; now your buildings are heating up, you're running your air conditioning more, and you're burning more fuel from the power plants, so the pollution and emissions go up." (3) ___, trees act as water filters, taking in dirty surface water and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus into the soil. Last but not least, (4)___ studies have found connections between exposure to nature and better mental and physical health. Some hospitals have added tree views and plantings for patients as a result of these studies. Doctors are even prescribing walks in nature for children and families due to evidence that nature exposure lowers blood (5) __ and stress hormones. And studies have associated living near green areas with lower death rates. 

Question 2.

We need to attend to the tree loss because of the following tree benefits. Firstly, trees provide shade for homes, office buildings, parks and roadways, cooling surface temperatures. They also take in and evaporate water, (1) ____ cools the air around them. Secondly, trees absorb carbon and remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Trees also reduce energy costs by $4 billion a year, according to Nowak's study. "The shading of those trees on buildings (2) _ your air conditioning costs. Take those trees away; now your buildings are heating up, you're running your air conditioning more, and you're burning more fuel from the power plants, so the pollution and emissions go up." (3) ___, trees act as water filters, taking in dirty surface water and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus into the soil. Last but not least, (4)___ studies have found connections between exposure to nature and better mental and physical health. Some hospitals have added tree views and plantings for patients as a result of these studies. Doctors are even prescribing walks in nature for children and families due to evidence that nature exposure lowers blood (5) __ and stress hormones. And studies have associated living near green areas with lower death rates. 

Question 3.

We need to attend to the tree loss because of the following tree benefits. Firstly, trees provide shade for homes, office buildings, parks and roadways, cooling surface temperatures. They also take in and evaporate water, (1) ____ cools the air around them. Secondly, trees absorb carbon and remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Trees also reduce energy costs by $4 billion a year, according to Nowak's study. "The shading of those trees on buildings (2) _ your air conditioning costs. Take those trees away; now your buildings are heating up, you're running your air conditioning more, and you're burning more fuel from the power plants, so the pollution and emissions go up." (3) ___, trees act as water filters, taking in dirty surface water and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus into the soil. Last but not least, (4)___ studies have found connections between exposure to nature and better mental and physical health. Some hospitals have added tree views and plantings for patients as a result of these studies. Doctors are even prescribing walks in nature for children and families due to evidence that nature exposure lowers blood (5) __ and stress hormones. And studies have associated living near green areas with lower death rates. 

Question4.

We need to attend to the tree loss because of the following tree benefits. Firstly, trees provide shade for homes, office buildings, parks and roadways, cooling surface temperatures. They also take in and evaporate water, (1) ____ cools the air around them. Secondly, trees absorb carbon and remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Trees also reduce energy costs by $4 billion a year, according to Nowak's study. "The shading of those trees on buildings (2) _ your air conditioning costs. Take those trees away; now your buildings are heating up, you're running your air conditioning more, and you're burning more fuel from the power plants, so the pollution and emissions go up." (3) ___, trees act as water filters, taking in dirty surface water and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus into the soil. Last but not least, (4)___ studies have found connections between exposure to nature and better mental and physical health. Some hospitals have added tree views and plantings for patients as a result of these studies. Doctors are even prescribing walks in nature for children and families due to evidence that nature exposure lowers blood (5) __ and stress hormones. And studies have associated living near green areas with lower death rates. 

Question 5.

The Singapore Science Centre is located on a six-hectare site in Jurong. At the centre, we can discover the wonders of science and technology in a fun way. Clap your hands and colorful bulbs will light up. Start a wheel spinning and it will set off a fan churning. It is a place to answer our curiosity and capture our imagination. The centre features over four hundred exhibits covering topics like solar radiation, communication, electronics, mathematics, nuclear energy, and evolution. It aims to arouse interest in science and technology among us and the general public. The centre is the first science one to be established in Southeast Asia. It was opened in 1977 and it now receives an average of one thousand two hundred visitors a day. The exhibits can be found in four exhibition galleries. They are the Lobby, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Aviation. These exhibits are renovated annually so as to encourage visitors to make return visits to the centre. Instead of the usual “Hands off’ notices found in exhibition halls, visitors are invited to touch and feel the exhibits, push the buttons, turn the cranks or pedals. This is an interesting way to learn science even if you hate the subject. A Discovery Centre was built for children between the ages of three and twelve. This new exhibition gallery was completed in 1985. Lately this year a stone-age exhibit was built. It shows us about the animals and people which were extinct. 

Question 1: What can be the best title of the passage?

The Singapore Science Centre is located on a six-hectare site in Jurong. At the centre, we can discover the wonders of science and technology in a fun way. Clap your hands and colorful bulbs will light up. Start a wheel spinning and it will set off a fan churning. It is a place to answer our curiosity and capture our imagination. The centre features over four hundred exhibits covering topics like solar radiation, communication, electronics, mathematics, nuclear energy, and evolution. It aims to arouse interest in science and technology among us and the general public. The centre is the first science one to be established in Southeast Asia. It was opened in 1977 and it now receives an average of one thousand two hundred visitors a day. The exhibits can be found in four exhibition galleries. They are the Lobby, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Aviation. These exhibits are renovated annually so as to encourage visitors to make return visits to the centre. Instead of the usual “Hands off’ notices found in exhibition halls, visitors are invited to touch and feel the exhibits, push the buttons, turn the cranks or pedals. This is an interesting way to learn science even if you hate the subject. A Discovery Centre was built for children between the ages of three and twelve. This new exhibition gallery was completed in 1985. Lately this year a stone-age exhibit was built. It shows us about the animals and people which were extinct 

Question 2: The word “It” in paragraph 2 refers to.

The Singapore Science Centre is located on a six-hectare site in Jurong. At the centre, we can discover the wonders of science and technology in a fun way. Clap your hands and colorful bulbs will light up. Start a wheel spinning and it will set off a fan churning. It is a place to answer our curiosity and capture our imagination. The centre features over four hundred exhibits covering topics like solar radiation, communication, electronics, mathematics, nuclear energy, and evolution. It aims to arouse interest in science and technology among us and the general public. The centre is the first science one to be established in Southeast Asia. It was opened in 1977 and it now receives an average of one thousand two hundred visitors a day. The exhibits can be found in four exhibition galleries. They are the Lobby, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Aviation. These exhibits are renovated annually so as to encourage visitors to make return visits to the centre. Instead of the usual “Hands off’ notices found in exhibition halls, visitors are invited to touch and feel the exhibits, push the buttons, turn the cranks or pedals. This is an interesting way to learn science even if you hate the subject. A Discovery Centre was built for children between the ages of three and twelve. This new exhibition gallery was completed in 1985. Lately this year a stone-age exhibit was built. It shows us about the animals and people which were extinct 

Question 3: According to the paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT true about the Singapore Science Centre?

The Singapore Science Centre is located on a six-hectare site in Jurong. At the centre, we can discover the wonders of science and technology in a fun way. Clap your hands and colorful bulbs will light up. Start a wheel spinning and it will set off a fan churning. It is a place to answer our curiosity and capture our imagination. The centre features over four hundred exhibits covering topics like solar radiation, communication, electronics, mathematics, nuclear energy, and evolution. It aims to arouse interest in science and technology among us and the general public. The centre is the first science one to be established in Southeast Asia. It was opened in 1977 and it now receives an average of one thousand two hundred visitors a day. The exhibits can be found in four exhibition galleries. They are the Lobby, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Aviation. These exhibits are renovated annually so as to encourage visitors to make return visits to the centre. Instead of the usual “Hands off’ notices found in exhibition halls, visitors are invited to touch and feel the exhibits, push the buttons, turn the cranks or pedals. This is an interesting way to learn science even if you hate the subject. A Discovery Centre was built for children between the ages of three and twelve. This new exhibition gallery was completed in 1985. Lately this year a stone-age exhibit was built. It shows us about the animals and people which were extinct 

Question 4: What does “renovated” in paragraph 2 means?

The Singapore Science Centre is located on a six-hectare site in Jurong. At the centre, we can discover the wonders of science and technology in a fun way. Clap your hands and colorful bulbs will light up. Start a wheel spinning and it will set off a fan churning. It is a place to answer our curiosity and capture our imagination. The centre features over four hundred exhibits covering topics like solar radiation, communication, electronics, mathematics, nuclear energy, and evolution. ''It ''aims to arouse interest in science and technology among us and the general public. The centre is the first science one to be established in Southeast Asia. It was opened in 1977 and it now receives an average of one thousand two hundred visitors a day. The exhibits can be found in four exhibition galleries. They are the Lobby, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Aviation. These exhibits are renovated annually so as to encourage visitors to make return visits to the centre. Instead of the usual “Hands off’ notices found in exhibition halls, visitors are invited to touch and feel the exhibits, push the buttons, turn the cranks or pedals. This is an interesting way to learn science even if you hate the subject. A Discovery Centre was built for children between the ages of three and twelve. This new exhibition gallery was completed in 1985. Lately this year a stone-age exhibit was built. It shows us about the animals and people which were extinct 

Question 5: The author mentions all of the following in the passage EXCEPT…….

Florists, personal trainers, professors, and nutritionists all have healthy jobs according to research. There are many reasons for this. A florist, for example, sells flowers and plants to customers. This is very relaxing work. A personal trainer, on the other hand, is usually very fit. He or she''' trains'''' other people to lose weight and to keep fit. However, research also shows that some jobs are 'unhealthy'. They cause a lot of stress and worry. For example, a taxi driver drives all day. He often faces traffic jams and difficult passengers too. A firefighter puts out dangerous fires and sometimes saves people from burning buildings. Most people are looking for the perfect job. ''''They''''' want a job that is interesting, with a good salary and not much stress. However, it is difficult to get everything. Healthy, relaxing jobs are usually not very well paid. On the other hand, people with stressful jobs often get good salaries. For example, the head of a big company gets a lot of money, but he or she does not always have good health, or the time to enjoy life. (Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills by Richard Harrison) 

Question 1. What does the passage mainly about? A. Ways to find a healthy job

Florists, personal trainers, professors, and nutritionists all have healthy jobs according to research. There are many reasons for this. A florist, for example, sells flowers and plants to customers. This is very relaxing work. A personal trainer, on the other hand, is usually very fit. He or she''' trains'''' other people to lose weight and to keep fit. However, research also shows that some jobs are 'unhealthy'. They cause a lot of stress and worry. For example, a taxi driver drives all day. He often faces traffic jams and difficult passengers too. A firefighter puts out dangerous fires and sometimes saves people from burning buildings. Most people are looking for the perfect job. ''''They''''' want a job that is interesting, with a good salary and not much stress. However, it is difficult to get everything. Healthy, relaxing jobs are usually not very well paid. On the other hand, people with stressful jobs often get good salaries. For example, the head of a big company gets a lot of money, but he or she does not always have good health, or the time to enjoy life. (Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills by Richard Harrison) 

Question 2. The word ‘trains’ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

Florists, personal trainers, professors, and nutritionists all have healthy jobs according to research. There are many reasons for this. A florist, for example, sells flowers and plants to customers. This is very relaxing work. A personal trainer, on the other hand, is usually very fit. He or she''' trains'''' other people to lose weight and to keep fit. However, research also shows that some jobs are 'unhealthy'. They cause a lot of stress and worry. For example, a taxi driver drives all day. He often faces traffic jams and difficult passengers too. A firefighter puts out dangerous fires and sometimes saves people from burning buildings. Most people are looking for the perfect job. ''''They''''' want a job that is interesting, with a good salary and not much stress. However, it is difficult to get everything. Healthy, relaxing jobs are usually not very well paid. On the other hand, people with stressful jobs often get good salaries. For example, the head of a big company gets a lot of money, but he or she does not always have good health, or the time to enjoy life. (Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills by Richard Harrison) 

Question 3. According to paragraph 2, unhealthy jobs _______.

Florists, personal trainers, professors, and nutritionists all have healthy jobs according to research. There are many reasons for this. A florist, for example, sells flowers and plants to customers. This is very relaxing work. A personal trainer, on the other hand, is usually very fit. He or she''' trains'''' other people to lose weight and to keep fit. However, research also shows that some jobs are 'unhealthy'. They cause a lot of stress and worry. For example, a taxi driver drives all day. He often faces traffic jams and difficult passengers too. A firefighter puts out dangerous fires and sometimes saves people from burning buildings. Most people are looking for the perfect job. ''''They''''' want a job that is interesting, with a good salary and not much stress. However, it is difficult to get everything. Healthy, relaxing jobs are usually not very well paid. On the other hand, people with stressful jobs often get good salaries. For example, the head of a big company gets a lot of money, but he or she does not always have good health, or the time to enjoy life. (Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills by Richard Harrison) 

Question 4. The word ‘They’ in paragraph 3 refers to _______.

Florists, personal trainers, professors, and nutritionists all have healthy jobs according to research. There are many reasons for this. A florist, for example, sells flowers and plants to customers. This is very relaxing work. A personal trainer, on the other hand, is usually very fit. He or she''' trains'''' other people to lose weight and to keep fit. However, research also shows that some jobs are 'unhealthy'. They cause a lot of stress and worry. For example, a taxi driver drives all day. He often faces traffic jams and difficult passengers too. A firefighter puts out dangerous fires and sometimes saves people from burning buildings. Most people are looking for the perfect job. ''''They''''' want a job that is interesting, with a good salary and not much stress. However, it is difficult to get everything. Healthy, relaxing jobs are usually not very well paid. On the other hand, people with stressful jobs often get good salaries. For example, the head of a big company gets a lot of money, but he or she does not always have good health, or the time to enjoy life. (Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills by Richard Harrison) 

Question 5. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?

Dear Editor, Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players. Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us. Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all. 

Question 1. What does the writer complain about?

Dear Editor, Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players. Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us. Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all. 

Question 2. What problem does the writer think radio causes?

Dear Editor, Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players. Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us. Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all. 

Question 3. Why do husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer?

Dear Editor, Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players. Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us. Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all. 

Question 4. What is the writer worried about most?

Dear Editor, Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players. Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us. Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all. 

Question 5. What is implied in this letter?

David Beckham is an English footballer who has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007 to increase the profile of football in America. He married Spice Girl Victoria Beckham and has become a worldwide celebrity, an advertising brand and a fashion icon. Beckham was born in London in 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his team achieve considerable success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football's best player. He won many trophies with Manchester United, including the Champions League, and won a league title with Real Madrid. He also captained his club and country. He was famously sent off in a match against Argentina in the 1998 World Cup. In 2003, Beckham received an honour for services to football from Britain's Queen. Beckham has many interests off the soccer pitch and is rarely out of the headlines, especially concerning his marriage and children. He has established football academies in Los Angeles and London. In 2006 he was named a judge for the British Book Awards. He lives near Tom Cruise and the two are best buddies. Beckham is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. 

Question 1. What is the main idea of the reading passage?

David Beckham is an English footballer who has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007 to increase the profile of football in America. He married Spice Girl Victoria Beckham and has become a worldwide celebrity, an advertising brand and a fashion icon. Beckham was born in London in 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his team achieve considerable success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football's best player. He won many trophies with Manchester United, including the Champions League, and won a league title with Real Madrid. He also captained his club and country. He was famously sent off in a match against Argentina in the 1998 World Cup. In 2003, Beckham received an honour for services to football from Britain's Queen. Beckham has many interests off the soccer pitch and is rarely out of the headlines, especially concerning his marriage and children. He has established football academies in Los Angeles and London. In 2006 he was named a judge for the British Book Awards. He lives near Tom Cruise and the two are best buddies. Beckham is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. 

Question 2. According to the passage, Beckham has played 100 times for ____.

David Beckham is an English footballer who has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007 to increase the profile of football in America. He married Spice Girl Victoria Beckham and has become a worldwide celebrity, an advertising brand and a fashion icon. Beckham was born in London in 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his team achieve considerable success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football's best player. He won many trophies with Manchester United, including the Champions League, and won a league title with Real Madrid. He also captained his club and country. He was famously sent off in a match against Argentina in the 1998 World Cup. In 2003, Beckham received an honour for services to football from Britain's Queen. Beckham has many interests off the soccer pitch and is rarely out of the headlines, especially concerning his marriage and children. He has established football academies in Los Angeles and London. In 2006 he was named a judge for the British Book Awards. He lives near Tom Cruise and the two are best buddies. Beckham is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. 

Question 3. The word "fanatical" is closest in meaning to ____.

David Beckham is an English footballer who has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007 to increase the profile of football in America. He married Spice Girl Victoria Beckham and has become a worldwide celebrity, an advertising brand and a fashion icon. Beckham was born in London in 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his team achieve considerable success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football's best player. He won many trophies with Manchester United, including the Champions League, and won a league title with Real Madrid. He also captained his club and country. He was famously sent off in a match against Argentina in the 1998 World Cup. In 2003, Beckham received an honour for services to football from Britain's Queen. Beckham has many interests off the soccer pitch and is rarely out of the headlines, especially concerning his marriage and children. He has established football academies in Los Angeles and London. In 2006 he was named a judge for the British Book Awards. He lives near Tom Cruise and the two are best buddies. Beckham is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. 

Question 4. When did Beckham receive the royal award for his contribution to football?

David Beckham is an English footballer who has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007 to increase the profile of football in America. He married Spice Girl Victoria Beckham and has become a worldwide celebrity, an advertising brand and a fashion icon. Beckham was born in London in 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his team achieve considerable success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football's best player. He won many trophies with Manchester United, including the Champions League, and won a league title with Real Madrid. He also captained his club and country. He was famously sent off in a match against Argentina in the 1998 World Cup. In 2003, Beckham received an honour for services to football from Britain's Queen. Beckham has many interests off the soccer pitch and is rarely out of the headlines, especially concerning his marriage and children. He has established football academies in Los Angeles and London. In 2006 he was named a judge for the British Book Awards. He lives near Tom Cruise and the two are best buddies. Beckham is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. 

Question 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Beckham?

RoboCup is a football competition that has taken place every year since 1997. But the players are not human; they are robots. The competition's full name is ‘Robot Soccer World Cup’, and the aim is to create, by the middle of the 21st century, a team of robot footballers that are able to play against and beat the winners of the real World Cup. In order for robots to play football, robotics companies have had to develop special technologies. A robot can't just run onto the field and start kicking the ball. So each robot is fitted with a webcam which is connected to a computer inside the robot. The robot is able to see where the other players are, where the goal is and, most importantly, where the ball is. They are programmed to make their own decisions and during the match the robots' creators are not allowed to tell them what to do. The robots are, however, able to communicate with other members of their team, via a wireless network. There is a long way to go before robots will be able to compete against humans. They need to become more intelligent and become able to react more quickly and anticipate the game. But the technologies that are being developed for scoring goals have other uses as well. It may be possible to develop robots that can be used in search and rescue, for example, finding people trapped in buildings after earthquakes. They may not be as fun to watch as real footballers, but at least they don't demand enormous salaries! 

Question 1. What is the passage mainly about?

RoboCup is a football competition that has taken place every year since 1997. But the players are not human; they are robots. The competition's full name is ‘Robot Soccer World Cup’, and the aim is to create, by the middle of the 21st century, a team of robot footballers that are able to play against and beat the winners of the real World Cup. In order for robots to play football, robotics companies have had to develop special technologies. A robot can't just run onto the field and start kicking the ball. So each robot is fitted with a webcam which is connected to a computer inside the robot. The robot is able to see where the other players are, where the goal is and, most importantly, where the ball is. They are programmed to make their own decisions and during the match the robots' creators are not allowed to tell them what to do. The robots are, however, able to communicate with other members of their team, via a wireless network. There is a long way to go before robots will be able to compete against humans. They need to become more intelligent and become able to react more quickly and anticipate the game. But the technologies that are being developed for scoring goals have other uses as well. It may be possible to develop robots that can be used in search and rescue, for example, finding people trapped in buildings after earthquakes. They may not be as fun to watch as real footballers, but at least they don't demand enormous salaries! 

Question 2. According to paragraph 1, what is special about the Robot Soccer World Cup?

RoboCup is a football competition that has taken place every year since 1997. But the players are not human; they are robots. The competition's full name is ‘Robot Soccer World Cup’, and the aim is to create, by the middle of the 21st century, a team of robot footballers that are able to play against and beat the winners of the real World Cup. In order for robots to play football, robotics companies have had to develop special technologies. A robot can't just run onto the field and start kicking the ball. So each robot is fitted with a webcam which is connected to a computer inside the robot. The robot is able to see where the other players are, where the goal is and, most importantly, where the ball is. They are programmed to make their own decisions and during the match the robots' creators are not allowed to tell them what to do. The robots are, however, able to communicate with other members of their team, via a wireless network. There is a long way to go before robots will be able to compete against humans. They need to become more intelligent and become able to react more quickly and anticipate the game. But the technologies that are being developed for scoring goals have other uses as well. It may be possible to develop robots that can be used in search and rescue, for example, finding people trapped in buildings after earthquakes. They may not be as fun to watch as real footballers, but at least they don't demand enormous salaries! 

Question 3. The word They in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

RoboCup is a football competition that has taken place every year since 1997. But the players are not human; they are robots. The competition's full name is ‘Robot Soccer World Cup’, and the aim is to create, by the middle of the 21st century, a team of robot footballers that are able to play against and beat the winners of the real World Cup. In order for robots to play football, robotics companies have had to develop special technologies. A robot can't just run onto the field and start kicking the ball. So each robot is fitted with a webcam which is connected to a computer inside the robot. The robot is able to see where the other players are, where the goal is and, most importantly, where the ball is. They are programmed to make their own decisions and during the match the robots' creators are not allowed to tell them what to do. The robots are, however, able to communicate with other members of their team, via a wireless network. There is a long way to go before robots will be able to compete against humans. They need to become more intelligent and become able to react more quickly and anticipate the game. But the technologies that are being developed for scoring goals have other uses as well. It may be possible to develop robots that can be used in search and rescue, for example, finding people trapped in buildings after earthquakes. They may not be as fun to watch as real footballers, but at least they don't demand enormous salaries! 

Question 4. The word react in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.

RoboCup is a football competition that has taken place every year since 1997. But the players are not human; they are robots. The competition's full name is ‘Robot Soccer World Cup’, and the aim is to create, by the middle of the 21st century, a team of robot footballers that are able to play against and beat the winners of the real World Cup. In order for robots to play football, robotics companies have had to develop special technologies. A robot can't just run onto the field and start kicking the ball. So each robot is fitted with a webcam which is connected to a computer inside the robot. The robot is able to see where the other players are, where the goal is and, most importantly, where the ball is. They are programmed to make their own decisions and during the match the robots' creators are not allowed to tell them what to do. The robots are, however, able to communicate with other members of their team, via a wireless network. There is a long way to go before robots will be able to compete against humans. They need to become more intelligent and become able to react more quickly and anticipate the game. But the technologies that are being developed for scoring goals have other uses as well. It may be possible to develop robots that can be used in search and rescue, for example, finding people trapped in buildings after earthquakes. They may not be as fun to watch as real footballers, but at least they don't demand enormous salaries! 

Question 5. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?

If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts. 

Question 1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts. 

Question 2. The author mentions that areas bordering the cities have grown during periods of ____.

If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts. 

Question 3. The word "encroachment" is closest in meaning to ____.

If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts. 

Question 4. Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth-century suburbanization?

If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts. 

Question 5. It can be inferred from the passage that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by ____.